Abstract:
Background: Burn is one of the critical health problems worldwide. Asian and sub-Saharan
communities in developing nations are more impacted. The risk of death and non-fatal
consequences is contingent upon multiple factors, such as age, gender, place of residence, kind
of burn, severity of burn, length of treatment, and degree of fire and burn prevention. Most
previous surveys did not focus on characteristics associated with the outcomes of burn injuries.
Therefore the purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of burn injury and associated
factors among all burn patients admitted to HFCSH.
Method: A crossectional study design using retrospective document review was used to assess
the outcome of burn injury and associated factors in HFCSH. . All burn patients admitted to
HFCSH patient’s chart from 2019 to 2023 were reviewed. Data was collected from November 15
to December 15, 2023. Using a structured checklist the data were extracted from burn patients’
medical records. Data were entered by using KoboCollect and analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Both descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted; the result was presented in text, graphs
and tables. Odd ratio for the strength and directions of association were used with 95%
confidence interval and P-value of <0.05, was considered to declare statistical significance..
Result: Children (<15 years) are the most affected groups accounting for 51.5%, followed by
46.3% in the age range of 15-60 years, and only 2.2% were over 60 years old. The odds of
unfavorable outcomes among male individuals were 4 times higher among female, (AOR: 4,
95% CI: 1.7 – 9.9, P<0.002. The odds of unfavorable outcome was 20 times higher those with
total body surface area TBSA burns (>30%) burn among burn injury patients who had TBSA
burns (>30%) compared to those with smaller TBSA burns (<10%), (AOR: 20, 95% CI: 4.4 - 92,
p=0.000). The odds of unfavorable outcome was 4 times higher among late presentation burn
patients compared to those who arrived at the hospital early (within first 24 hour) (COR: 3.7,
95% CI: 1.1 – 12.9, p=0.038.
Conclusion: The leading causes of burn injuries were flame, followed by scald and electrical
sources. Deep partial thickness burns were the most prevalent, and larger total body surface area
(TBSA) burns were associated with unfavorable outcomes, male gender was a risk factor for
unfavorable outcome. Late presentation was also a risk factor for unfavorable outcome.
