Abstract:
Inter-ethnic conflict occurs between two conscious groups that are the main causes behind it,
and it can be violent, conflictual, and destructive. The main objective of this study was to
investigate the nature of Jarso and Issa inter-ethnic conflict and cooperation in Eastern
Ethiopia. To achieve this objective, the study employed a qualitative research approach and a
case study design. The study used primary and secondary sources. The primary data was
collected through key informants, in-depth interviews, and FGD. To select key informants, in
depth interviews, and FGD discussants, non-probability sampling, particularly quota and
purposive sampling techniques, were employed. The thematic analysis technique was applied
to the analyzed data. The findings of the study show that before 1991, Jarso-Issa inter-ethnic
conflict was rare and individual issues were easily resolved through recognized local leaders.
However, the new system brought about after 1991 has remained mired in the formation and
implementation of borders between Jarso-Issa ethnic groups. Conflict has erupted along the
common border between those two groups since early September 2017, and the politicization
of ethnicity on both sides has widened the ethnic separation between the two communities.
The other main cause of conflict was resource competition, and territorial expansion has the
potential to exacerbate already high local tensions. In addition, the local authority
undermined the role of community leaders in conflict resolution. The actors involved in the
conflict existed. Moreover, the study revealed the consequences of the conflict as socio
economic, political, physical, and psychological. To manage and resolve the conflict and
develop inter-ethnic cooperation, Damina and Ogaz, as well as elders, played an important
role. Currently, Jarso-Issa inter-ethnic cooperation is on the way to a peaceful situation.
Finally, the thesis suggests that the political structure and resources of the state has to be
restructured in accordance with realities on the ground, the government empower indigenous
institutions in Damina and Ogaz, provide mutual projects, build common socioeconomic
infrastructure that serves both ethnics, and establish inter-regional policies or militias along
the border to foster harmonious cooperation in the study area.
